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Sains Malaysiana 54(1)(2025): 175-185 http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5401-14
Characteristics
of High Protein Product-Derived from Catfish Mixed with Fermented Sweet Potato
Flours and Its Impact on Malnourished Rats
(Ciri Produk Tinggi Protein-Diperoleh
daripada Ikan Keli yang Dicampur dengan Tepung Ubi Keledek yang Difermentasi
dan Kesannya terhadap Tikus yang Kurang Zat Pemakanan)
ANNIS
CATUR ADI1,*, WIZARA SALISA2, MUHAMMAD TAHER3,
MAHMUD ADITYA RIFQI1 & HENI RACHMAWATI4
1Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public
Health, Airlangga University, 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia
Received: 21 June
2024/Accepted: 2 November 2024
Abstract
In 2022, Indonesia has prevalence of stunting over 20%. One of
the variables that can contribute to stunting is protein deficiency. This
issue can be mitigated by providing a sufficient consumption of animal protein.
Implementing food formulation as a means of diversifying local food sources is
a strategy to address the issue of stunting while improving food security. This
study aimed to assure the standard quality, nutritional content, level of
consumer acceptance, and the impact of a composite flour made from a
combination of catfish and fermented sweet potato, which had been enriched with
micronutrients. The research process encompassed several stages: formulation,
evaluation of product characteristics and compliance to regulatory standards of
food contaminants, nutritional content, hedonic tests by panelists, and animal
model as pre-clinical testing. The findings indicated that flour
consisted of catfish and fermented sweet potato enriched with micronutrients
served as a high-protein mixture (25.35%, while ordinary flour 13%)
encompassing a complete range of nutrients. This formulation fulfills the
requirements for product standards and ensures food safety. The product meets
panelists acceptance (taste rating >3.5 means like) and is a suitable
ingredient for various processing methods. In animal model, this product can
significantly increase the body weight of malnourished rats (p<0.05).
Catfish and sweet potato are potential local foods serving high-protein flour.
This flour enriched with micronutrients can further improve the nutritional
content, high acceptability, demonstrate optimal characteristics, food
contaminants-free, and proven to increase body weight on rats.
Keywords:
Catfish; fermented sweet potato; functional food; high protein; malnutrition
Abstrak
Pada
tahun 2022, Indonesia mempunyai kelaziman bantut melebihi 20%. Salah satu
pemboleh ubah yang boleh menyumbang kepada bantut ialah kekurangan protein. Isu
ini boleh dikurangkan dengan menyediakan pemakanan protein haiwan yang
mencukupi. Melaksanakan formulasi makanan sebagai cara mempelbagaikan sumber
makanan tempatan adalah strategi untuk menangani isu bantut di samping
meningkatkan keselamatan makanan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan kualiti
piawai, kandungan nutrisi, tahap penerimaan pengguna, dan kesan tepung komposit
yang diperbuat daripada gabungan ikan keli dan ubi keledek yang ditapai yang
telah diperkaya dengan mikronutrien. Proses penyelidikan ini merangkumi
beberapa peringkat: formulasi, penilaian ciri produk dan pematuhan kepada
piawaian pengawalseliaan bahan cemar makanan, kandungan nutrisi, ujian hedonik
oleh ahli panel dan model haiwan sebagai ujian pra-klinikal. Hasil kajian
menunjukkan bahawa tepung yang terdiri daripada ikan keli dan ubi keledek yang
ditapai diperkaya dengan mikronutrien berfungsi sebagai campuran protein tinggi
(25.35%, manakala tepung biasa ialah 13%) merangkumi rangkaian lengkap nutrien.
Formulasi ini memenuhi keperluan piawaian produk dan memastikan keselamatan
makanan. Produk ini memenuhi penerimaan ahli panel (penarafan rasa >3.5
bermaksud suka) dan merupakan ramuan yang sesuai untuk pelbagai kaedah
pemprosesan. Dalam model haiwan, produk ini boleh meningkatkan berat badan
tikus kekurangan zat makanan dengan ketara (p<0.05). Ikan keli dan ubi
keledek merupakan makanan tempatan yang berpotensi menyajikan tepung berprotein
tinggi. Tepung yang diperkaya dengan mikronutrien ini dapat meningkatkan lagi
kandungan nutrisi, kebolehterimaan yang tinggi, menunjukkan ciri optimum, bebas
bahan cemar makanan dan terbukti meningkatkan berat badan tikus.
Kata kunci: Ikan
keli; kekurangan zat makanan; makanan berfungsi; protein tinggi; ubi keledek
yang ditapai
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